用 ESP32 控制低压小风扇：开关、调速和温度迟滞

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
#pragma once
#include <cstdint>
#include <cmath>
#ifdef ESP_PLATFORM
#include "esp_timer.h"
#endif
namespace h07 {
#ifdef ESP_PLATFORM
// IDF monotonic microseconds since boot, widened before conversion; no 32-bit millis cycle.
inline uint64_t now_ms(){return static_cast<uint64_t>(esp_timer_get_time())/1000ULL;}
#endif
enum class Mode { OFF, MANUAL, AUTO };
struct Result {float duty;bool temp_fault,rpm_fault;const char* phase;};
class Controller {
 public:
  void mode(Mode value){if(value!=mode_)cooling_=false;mode_=value;}
  void manual(float percent){manual_=std::isfinite(percent)?(percent<0?0:percent>100?100:percent):0;}
  void temperature(uint64_t now,float value){
    temp_ok_=std::isfinite(value)&&value>=-10&&value<=60;
    if(temp_ok_){temperature_=value;temp_at_=now;}
  }
  void rpm(uint64_t now,float value){
    rpm_ok_=std::isfinite(value)&&value>=0&&value<=10000;
    if(rpm_ok_){rpm_=value;rpm_at_=now;}
  }
  Result tick(uint64_t now){
    float duty=0;bool bad_temp=false;
    if(mode_==Mode::MANUAL)duty=manual_==0?0:manual_<30?0.3f:manual_/100;
    if(mode_==Mode::AUTO){
      bad_temp=!temp_ok_||now<temp_at_||now-temp_at_>7000;
      if(bad_temp)duty=1; // demonstration policy; not a certified thermal protection
      else {
        if(temperature_>=29)cooling_=true;else if(temperature_<=27)cooling_=false;
        if(cooling_)duty=temperature_>=33?1:temperature_>=31?0.7f:0.4f;
      }
    }
    bool running=duty>0;
    if(running&&!running_){run_at_=now;grace_done_=false;}
    if(!running)grace_done_=false;
    if(running&&!grace_done_&&now>=run_at_&&now-run_at_>15000)grace_done_=true;
    running_=running;
    bool bad_rpm=running&&grace_done_&&(!rpm_ok_||now<rpm_at_||now-rpm_at_>12000||rpm_<200);
    result_={duty,bad_temp,bad_rpm,bad_temp?"TEMP_FAULT":bad_rpm?"NO_VALID_RPM":mode_==Mode::OFF?"OFF":mode_==Mode::MANUAL?"MANUAL":"AUTO"};
    return result_;
  }
  Result result()const{return result_;}
 private:
  Mode mode_=Mode::OFF;
  bool cooling_=false,temp_ok_=false,rpm_ok_=false,running_=false,grace_done_=false;
  float manual_=50,temperature_=0,rpm_=0;
  uint64_t temp_at_=0,rpm_at_=0,run_at_=0;
  Result result_{0,false,false,"OFF"};
};
inline Controller& controller(){static Controller value;return value;}
}

substitutions:
  node_name: hixinwu-h07
esphome:
  name: ${node_name}
  friendly_name: Hixinwu H07
  min_version: 2026.9.1
  includes:
    - fan_policy.h
esp32:
  board: esp32-s3-devkitc-1
  variant: ESP32S3
  flash_size: 8MB
  flash_mode: qio
  flash_frequency: 80MHz
  toolchain: esp-idf
  framework:
    type: esp-idf
    version: 5.5.5
psram:
  mode: octal
  speed: 80MHz
logger:
  baud_rate: 115200
  hardware_uart: UART0
  level: DEBUG
api:
  encryption:
    key: !secret api_key
  reboot_timeout: 0s
ota:
  - platform: esphome
    encryption:
      key: !secret api_key
wifi:
  ssid: !secret wifi_ssid
  password: !secret wifi_password
  reboot_timeout: 0s
  ap:
    ssid: "${node_name} Recovery"
    password: !secret fallback_password
    ap_timeout: 90s
captive_portal:

i2c:
  sda: GPIO8
  scl: GPIO9
  frequency: 100kHz
  scan: true
output:
  - platform: ledc
    id: fan_pwm
    pin: GPIO5
    frequency: 25000Hz
switch:
  - platform: gpio
    id: indicator
    pin: GPIO4
    internal: true
    restore_mode: ALWAYS_OFF
select:
  - platform: template
    name: Fan Control Mode
    options: ["OFF", "MANUAL", "AUTO"]
    initial_option: "OFF"
    restore_value: false
    optimistic: true
    on_value:
      - lambda: |-
          h07::controller().mode(x=="AUTO"?h07::Mode::AUTO:x=="MANUAL"?h07::Mode::MANUAL:h07::Mode::OFF);
number:
  - platform: template
    name: Manual PWM Request
    min_value: 0
    max_value: 100
    step: 10
    initial_value: 50
    restore_value: false
    optimistic: true
    unit_of_measurement: "%"
    on_value:
      - lambda: h07::controller().manual(x);
sensor:
  - platform: sht4x
    address: 0x44
    precision: High
    heater_max_duty: 0
    update_interval: 2s
    temperature:
      name: Control Temperature Last
      on_value:
        - lambda: h07::controller().temperature(h07::now_ms(),x);
    humidity:
      name: Relative Humidity Last
  - platform: pulse_counter
    id: measured_rpm
    name: Fan RPM Last
    pin:
      number: GPIO7
      mode: INPUT
    use_pcnt: true
    internal_filter: 13us
    count_mode:
      rising_edge: INCREMENT
      falling_edge: DISABLE
    update_interval: 5s
    unit_of_measurement: rpm
    accuracy_decimals: 0
    filters:
      - multiply: 0.5
    on_value:
      - lambda: h07::controller().rpm(h07::now_ms(),x);
  - platform: template
    name: Applied PWM Command
    unit_of_measurement: "%"
    accuracy_decimals: 0
    lambda: return h07::controller().result().duty*100;
    update_interval: 1s
binary_sensor:
  - platform: template
    name: Fan Local Fault
    lambda: return h07::controller().result().temp_fault || h07::controller().result().rpm_fault;
    device_class: problem
text_sensor:
  - platform: template
    name: Fan Control Phase
    lambda: return {h07::controller().result().phase};
    update_interval: 1s
interval:
  - interval: 250ms
    then:
      - lambda: |-
          auto r=h07::controller().tick(h07::now_ms());
          id(fan_pwm).set_level(r.duty);
          bool on=(r.temp_fault||r.rpm_fault)?(h07::now_ms()/500)%2:r.duty>0;
          if(on)id(indicator).turn_on();else id(indicator).turn_off();

clang++ -std=c++17 -Wall -Wextra -Werror host_check.cpp -o /tmp/h07-host
/tmp/h07-host